Penan deprived under NEP
Malaysiakini
Nov 8, 2006
Andrew Ong

While the New Economic Policy (NEP) was designed in the 1970s to elevate the economic status of bumiputeras, figures show that at least one minority group in this category remains deprived of basic needs.

Some 12,000 Penan in Sarawak’s interiors are lagging behind in terms of income, education and health, says the Asian Strategic and Leadership Institute (Asli) in a report prepared for the Ninth Malaysia Plan and published in February.

“The (NEP) has largely achieved its most fundamental goals of eliminating the identification of economic function with race and of eradicating poverty, with the notable exception of the bumiputera minorities (and Indians),” says the report, prepared by Asli’s Centre for Public Policy Studies.

The report claims that, in 2002, the average monthly household income among the Penan was RM515, which is far lower than Sarawak’s poverty line of RM600.

Based on 2000 census figures, up to 40 percent of Penan children between 10 and 14 did not attend primary school. The situation was more dire at secondary school level, with only 10 percent of children between 15 and 19 attending school. (see Chart below) 

Displaced community

The report recommends that the government recognise land rights of the Penan, as they depend on the forest for their livelihood, food and security.

Traditionally nomadic in culture, the Penan have been displaced for decades due to deforestation and subsequent conversion of land to oil palm estates, from which they receive no benefits.

“At the very least, recognition of land rights should be on the basis of an assessment of the land needs of the Penan to ensure livelihood, minimally food, security and sustainability,

“This assessment must take into account their relatively recent transition to agriculture and their culture and practices, and should be carried out in a participatory manner.”

The report further recommends that the Economic Planning Unit implements plans to build Penan service centres, stalled since 1987, which must include a school, clinic and agricultural extension service.

It warns that no party should be left behind in the nation’s development. The disenfranchised Penan have proven that they can raise the cost of development through resistance.

“Assuring them a proper share in development would also enlist their co-operation and be a good example to other countries where similar marginalised communities exist,” it concludes.